The symbolic village perishes so that it can be renewed, and is representative of the renewal of mindsets of some of the passengers in the boats.Īziz in particular in the latter portion of the 'Temple' section, exhibits several examples of stream of consciousness thinking. Meanwhile, the British and others are in boats out in the water, observing the festivities, and the boats collide, expelling the passengers. There is an event in which the Hindus are 'preparing to throw God away' (Forster 308), and part of the ceremony involves a replica of the village of Gokul that is placed on a tray and is to perish. Order custom essay Modernism in “A passage to India” Forster uses the symbol of water to represent the idea of renewal in the 'Temple' chapter. Forster's 'Oriental-leaning' characters in this novel provide examples of a Modernistic mindset contrasting with the traditional English Imperialist mindset provided by other characters. Not surprisingly, the Modern Era was also when Existentialism came into prominence – a related philosophy in which human beings are expected to create their own meaning for existence. Some scholars see Modernism as a reaction to the practical and systematic sensibilities of Realism and Naturalism (Harmon 326). The individual takes pride of place while the social and outward are cast aside. Modernism rejects traditional values and assumptions. It is inner-self oriented, and that inner-self is often explored using a stream of consciousness manner. In literature, the Modernistic writing style is characterized by breaking with tradition. Theories by Sigmund Freud also had a powerful influence on this movement. In music, atonalism – that is, music which deliberately avoids key centers and is often dissonant – was produced by composers such as Arnold Schoenberg. In art and literature, Modernism paralleled the rise of industrial technology and advances in science. Forster's A Passage to India was published in 1924, placing it in the early years of the Modernist Period as well as within the Georgian Age (Harmon 597). Modernism refers to a classification of literature that was written between 19.

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